Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41950335›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Linking carbonatites, rare earth ores, and subduction-fertilized mantle lithosphere.

Carl Spandler, Andrew S Merdith, Amber Griffin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Carl SpandlerDepartment of Earth Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2310-0517
Andrew S MerdithDepartment of Earth Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7564-8149
Amber GriffinDepartment of Earth Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia.ORCID 0009-0002-9680-2608

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Continental intraplate magmatism through time has played a crucial role in ancient mass extinctions, landscape evolution, global climate, and volcanism. These magmatic systems are also crucial sources of critical metals, including the rare earth elements (REEs). Nonetheless, the origins of alkaline intraplate magmas, such as carbonatites, remain enigmatic. Here, we use kinematic plate modeling to show that ~35% of the present-day subcontinental lithospheric mantle has experienced substantial subduction-related fertilization in the past 2 billion years. These fertilized mantle domains underlie ~67% of post-1.8-billion-year-old carbonatites and ~72% of magma-related REE ore deposits (and ~92% of Precambrian REE deposits), substantiating a genetic link between the ancient, enriched mantle lithosphere and alkaline intraplate magmatism and associated ore deposits. We find no correlation between the timing of mantle source fertilization and carbonatite formation, indicating that the evolution of these magmas is multistage, including an initial metasomatic "primer" of the mantle lithosphere and a subsequent and disconnected melting "trigger" event responsible for magma generation.

Identifiers

PMID41950335
PMCPMC13060588

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.