ArticleRevista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology2026
Development, content validity, and reliability of an instrument to assess the commercialization of food and beverages in school canteens in Brazil.
Article in Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesTo develop, verify content validity, and evaluate the reliability of an instrument for assessing the commercialization of food and beverages in school canteens.
methodsThe preliminary version of the instrument was developed following a literature review, identification of food environment dimensions, item development, and structuring of the instrument, which was divided into three sections: identification and characterization of canteens, commercialized foods, and food advertising. The instrument was evaluated by experts, and the content validity index was calculated for each item (deemed satisfactory if >0.80). Reliability was assessed in a sample of canteens using inter-rater and intra-rater tests. Values of kappa, prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa, and intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated.
resultsThe instrument included 945 items. The average content validity index score of the instrument, considering the evaluated aspects (relevance, clarity of item wording, and clarity of response options), was 0.95. Experts' suggestions were reviewed, and items were added, removed, or modified when appropriate. Regarding reliability, 95.2% of the total analyzed items showed excellent, very good, or good agreement (≥0.6).
conclusionThe instrument proved to be reliable for measuring the food environment in school canteens in the Brazilian context, showing satisfactory values for both content validity and reliability. Thus, the instrument contributes to advancing the assessment of food commercialization in canteens, an important aspect of the school food environment.
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