Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41949568›Full record

ReviewChemical reviews2026

Biomass Demineralization: A Critical Need for Future Biorefineries.

Leoncio Santiago-Martínez, Styliani Avraamidou, Alejandro Ayala-Cortés, Ruth Azike, Santanu Bakshi, Chumki Banik, Ezra Bar-Ziv, Emmanuel Canales, Torren Carlson, James A Dumesic and 18 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Chemical reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors.

Leoncio Santiago-MartínezDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Styliani AvraamidouDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9334-9951
Alejandro Ayala-CortésDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Ruth AzikeDepartment of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States.
Santanu BakshiBioeconomy Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.
Chumki BanikBioeconomy Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.
Ezra Bar-ZivDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1444-123X
Emmanuel CanalesDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Torren CarlsonAnellotech Inc., Pearl River, New York 10965, United States.
James A DumesicDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6542-0856
Jordan Lee KlingerEnergy and Environment Science & Technology Directorate, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States.
Jung Min LeeDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0296-5733
Fei LongDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5245-6961
Armando G McDonaldDepartment of Forest, Rangeland, and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-5877-4082
Sonali MohapatraDepartment of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Rebecca G OngDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-5020-646X
Luisiana Fabiola Palomo GonzalezFacultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, México.
Xuejun PanDepartment of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6859-9342
Nepu SahaEnergy and Environment Science & Technology Directorate, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States.
Marco Antonio Sanchez CastilloFacultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, México.ORCID 0000-0002-5989-0453
Sandip K SinghCenter for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-0094-6253
Charles M SorensenChemTero Consultants, Fort Myers, Florida 33908, United States.
Bala SubramaniamCenter for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-5361-1954
Meng-Lin TsaiDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Reid C Van LehnDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4885-6599
Wenjia WangDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2085-6722
Victor M ZavalaDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5744-7378
George W HuberDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-7838-6893

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biomass contains up to 14 essential elements that serve as nutrients for plant growth and development, including photosynthesis and enzyme functionalities. These elements in different chemical forms (e.g., minerals) constitute the inorganic fraction of biomass and can cause operational issues in thermal and biochemical biomass conversion technologies. In biomass gasification and pyrolysis processes, for instance, inorganics can cause fouling, tar formation, and corrosion. In catalytic and biochemical processes, inorganics can poison catalysts, alter biochemical pathways, and modify product yields and selectivity. This review provides an overview of the inorganic content in biomass feedstocks, the critical role inorganics play in plant biochemistry, the effect that inorganics have in various thermochemical and biochemical biomass conversion technologies, and different approaches to remove them from biomass. We provide recommendations for future research, focusing on developing technologies to effectively remove inorganics from biomass, using the inorganics to improve soil quality and for alternative applications, and designing biorefineries to convert demineralized biomass obtained from diverse sources.

Indexed as

BiomassMineralsPlantsMinerals

Identifiers

PMID41949568
PMCPMC13107394

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.