Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41949481›Full record

ArticleJournal of drug education2026

The Cannabis Health Literacy Questionnaire - Assessing Reliability and Known-Groups Validity in a Canadian Adult Sample.

Queen Jacques, Zhiwei Gao, Maisam Najafizada, Lisa Bishop, Rachel Howells, Jennifer Donnan

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of drug education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Queen JacquesDivision of Population Health and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.ORCID 0009-0003-4114-1002
Zhiwei GaoDivision of Population Health and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
Maisam NajafizadaDivision of Population Health and Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9195-5379
Lisa BishopSchool of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-4979-4222
Rachel HowellsSchool of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
Jennifer DonnanSchool of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2908-0804

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study assessed the reliability and known-groups validity of the Cannabis Health Literacy Questionnaire (CHLQ) in a sample of Canadian adults (19+). A total of 1,034 respondents completed the CHLQ online. The CHLQ comprises four dimensions: Knowledge of Cannabis, Knowledge of Risks, Understanding Harms and Risks, and Seeking, Accessing and Using Cannabis Health Information. Internal consistency was assessed with raw questionnaire scores, while known-groups validity was assessed using Rasch-derived person scores with one-way analyses of variance. Internal consistency was acceptable for the Likert-response dimensions (Cronbach's α: 0.76-0.84) and modest for the knowledge-based dimensions (KR-20: 0.59 -0.64). CHLQ scores varied across participant characteristics, with cannabis consumption status emerging as a key characteristic across dimensions. Current cannabis consumers demonstrated higher knowledge of cannabis and confidence in seeking and using cannabis health information but lower agreement with cannabis risk related statements. Age-related differences were also observed, with younger and middle-aged adults scoring higher than older adults in select CHLQ dimensions. These findings provide additional evidence supporting the CHLQ's reliability and construct validity and demonstrating its potential use for evaluating variation in cannabis health literacy across population subgroups. Such evidence may help informed future intended uses of the CHLQ and efforts to refine public-oriented cannabis health education.

Indexed as

CannabisHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth LiteracyAdultAgedAge FactorsCanadaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultcannabisCannabis health literacydrug educationhealth literacymeasurement

Identifiers

PMID41949481
PMCPMC13392162

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.