Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41947420›Full record

ArticleBriefings in bioinformatics2026

BEASTsim-a benchmarking and analysis platform for spatial transcriptomics simulations.

Tomás Bordoy García-Carpintero, Lucas A D T Dyssel, Kristóf Péter, Nikolaj F H Hansen, Lena J Straßer, Chit Tong Lio, Merle Stahl, Markus List, Richard Röttger

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Briefings in bioinformatics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tomás Bordoy García-CarpinteroDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0000-1350-2139
Lucas A D T DysselDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0000-7426-9123
Kristóf PéterDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0008-1552-3361
Nikolaj F H HansenDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0003-3324-8686
Lena J StraßerData Science in Systems Biology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany.ORCID 0009-0007-7881-6818
Chit Tong LioData Science in Systems Biology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2297-831X
Merle StahlData Science in Systems Biology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany.ORCID 0009-0005-8652-2356
Markus ListData Science in Systems Biology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, D-85354 Freising, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0941-4168
Richard RöttgerDepartment of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-4490-5947

Funding

Novo Nordisk Foundation Data Science Collaborative Research Programme NNF22OC0076414
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advancements in spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing have enhanced our understanding of gene expression within tissues. Spatial transcriptomics retains spatial context at the expense of resolution, often resulting in cell mixtures, whereas single-cell RNA sequencing offers single-cell resolution with the loss of spatial information. Some computational methods aim to integrate data from these two technologies; however, a ground truth for their evaluation is typically lacking. Thus, simulation techniques may be used to generate artificial gold or silver standards, offering the possibility for standardized analysis. This not only requires an accurate replication of real tissue types, but also sufficient sample diversity, calling for a unified evaluation of these properties between present techniques. Existing benchmark metrics and platforms often favor simulations that closely replicate the input data rather than promoting novel tissue layouts. This paper introduces a comprehensive benchmarking platform that evaluates spatial transcriptomics simulation methods across data property distributions, biological signal preservation, and similarity-based metrics. Our framework ensures that simulations go beyond simple data replication, instead introducing biologically meaningful variation. BEASTsim can be easily integrated into analysis pipelines and provides a practical tool for evaluating and developing computational methods, thereby advancing the integration of spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing data to yield more accurate biological insights. As a result, we have utilized BEASTsim to create a decision tree that helps users select the most suitable simulation model based on their data and goals. This work provides a practical tool for evaluating and developing computational methods, thereby advancing the integration of spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing data to yield more accurate biological insights.

Indexed as

Computational BiologyGene Expression ProfilingSoftwareAnimalsBenchmarkingComputer SimulationHumansSequence Analysis, RNASingle-Cell Gene Expression AnalysisSpatial Transcriptomicsbenchmarkingcellular neighborhoodssimulationspatial transcriptomicsspatial variable genes

Identifiers

PMID41947420
PMCPMC13056711

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.