ArticleBMC public health2026
A scoping review of the literature on effectiveness of legislative and regulatory measures to prevent drowning.
Article in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- An analysis of global legislation and regulation related to drowning prevention.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDrowning has been the cause of millions of deaths over the last decade. Regulation is believed to be an effective measure in drowning prevention efforts; however regulatory regimes vary substantially. This study sought to (1) map the coverage of legislation and regulation related to drowning prevention; (2) examine the effectiveness of these regulatory measures; (3) explore the lessons learnt from the development, implementation, and enforcement, and; (4) provide an overall assessment of the quality of this literature.
methodsA systematic scoping review was undertaken of the academic and grey literature. Papers were included if they gave insight into regulatory coverage or reported findings explicitly related to drowning prevention policies, laws, or regulation. After screening 25 papers (21 academic, four grey literature) were included in this review.
resultsWhile the literature provides some insights into global regulatory coverage when it comes to drowning prevention, this varies substantially. Relatively few studies have directly assessed the effectiveness of regulation.
conclusionsGlobal regulatory coverage varies substantially, however when done well, regulatory efforts appear to be promising intervention when it comes to drowning prevention. However, the effectiveness of regulation is dependent on a range of factors, like resourcing and enforcement. Given the limited literature in this area, there is no clear picture of what works, for whom, and why.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.