Observational studyAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP2026
The Interplay of PD-L1, Kynurenine Pathway, and Vitamin D Shapes an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Observational study in Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous malignancy. However, the immune microenvironment-including immune checkpoint pathways and metabolic regulators also plays a pivotal role in disease progression.
aimsTo investigate the immune-metabolic landscape of newly diagnosed AML patients, focusing on the PDL1-PD1 and IDO-Kynurenine-AhR pathways, and their association with vitamin D levels.
settingA prospective, observational study conducted at a tertiary care academic hospital. MATERIALS: A total of 127 newly diagnosed AML patients were enrolled. Flow cytometry was used to assess PD-L1 expression on blasts and immune T cell subsets. Serum levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, and vitamin D were measured using enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA). STATISTICS: Correlation analysis and chi-square test/Mann-Whitney U test were applied. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
resultsPDL1 expression on blasts inversely correlated with CD8+ T cells (p=0.044), indicating immune evasion. CD3+ positively correlated with CD8+ T cells (p=0.007), while CD4+ negatively correlated with CD8+ T cells (p<0.001), suggesting divergent immune roles. Elevated tryptophan/kynurenine correlated with increased PD1+CD4+ T cells (p=0.039), which in turn were associated with higher Treg frequencies (p=0.001). Low vitamin D levels were associated with higher odds of aTregs (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1-7).
conclusionsAn immunosuppressive microenvironment in AML is driven by PD-L1 expression, kynurenine pathway activation, and low vitamin D levels. These findings suggest potential immunotherapeutic targets and highlight vitamin D's immunomodulatory role.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.