Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41945224›Full record

ReviewSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2026

Endophenotypes of OSA that are responsive to pharmacological agents: a narrative review of trazodone and atomoxetine.

Rasa Zafari, Mojtaba Shahbazi, Hamed Amirifard, Arezu Najafi

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rasa ZafariSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. rasazafari22@gmail.com.
Mojtaba ShahbaziIranian center of Neurological research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Hamed AmirifardIranian center of Neurological research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arezu NajafiOccupational Sleep Research Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P. O. BOX: 133, Tehran, 99 73 111, Iran. najafeeaz@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder in adults and is associated with multiple brain, mental, and cardiometabolic adverse health outcomes. Although standard treatments are available for OSA, the world does not have equal access to the best management approaches for OSA, which could be due to limited financial resources or a limited trained workforce. Pharmacological agents, if selected wisely based on the endophenotypes of OSA, may offer an appropriate approach for selective cases of OSA who refuse standard treatments or do not have access to the standard care. This review describes different OSA comorbidities, phenotypes, and endotypes of OSA and the role of trazodone and atomoxetine in the management of them. Finally, we will summarize the endophenotypes responsive to trazodone and atomoxetine and highlight the role of these agents in the management of OSA and its consequences, especially in underserved areas.

Indexed as

Adrenergic Uptake InhibitorsAtomoxetine HydrochlorideEndophenotypesSleep Apnea, ObstructiveTrazodoneHumansAdrenergic Uptake InhibitorsAtomoxetine HydrochlorideTrazodoneAtomoxetineEndotypeObstructive sleep apneaPhenotypeTrazodone

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.