ArticleMolecular biology reports2026
Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the adult mouse brain after chronic ethanol exposure.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background NOD-like receptors (NLRs) and inflammasome complexes play critical roles in the neuroinflammatory responses triggered by chronic ethanol exposure. We previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) attenuated binge-like alcohol consumption-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the adolescent hippocampus; however, their broader effects on additional NLR pathways and brain regions remained unclear. Methods and Results This study investigates the therapeutic potential of intravenously administered adipose-derived MSC-EVs (20 µg/dose every 10 days) in a murine model of chronic alcoholism, established by providing 10% ethanol in drinking water for three months. We specifically focused on changes in the expression of inflammasome sensor genes (Nlrp3, Nlrc4, Nlrp1, and Aim2) and downstream effector genes (Casp-1, Casp-11/4, Il1b, and Il18) across the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. qPCR analysis revealed that chronic ethanol exposure significantly upregulated the expression of the noted inflammasome-related genes in all three brain regions. MSC-EV treatment normalized the ethanol-induced overexpression of inflammasome sensor and downstream effector genes, suggesting the broad attenuation of inflammasome-driven neuroinflammatory responses. Conclusions These findings, together with our previous results, further expand our current understanding of MSC-EVs as a multifaceted therapy for ethanol-related neuropathology. This research underscores the capacity of MSC-EVs to simultaneously suppress multiple NLR inflammasome pathways in brain areas implicated in alcohol use-associated cognitive deficits and addictive behavior.
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