SynthesisAnnals of African medicine2026
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Prevalence of Common Hemoglobinopathies in India.
Synthesis in Annals of African medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
contextIn India, hemoglobinopathies such as beta-thalassemia, sickle cell disease, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are major public health concerns.
aimsThe present meta-analysis aimed to aggregate data on the prevalence and distribution of these nationally significant hemoglobinopathies across various demographic segments of India. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe systematic review adhered to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Four databases - Web of Science, PubMed, ProQuest, and Embase - were searched till 12.05.2024. Risk of bias assessment studies were undertaken using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Pooled estimate of prevalence of each hemoglobinopathies and their traits was calculated with 95% confidence interval (CI). I2 statistics and the prediction interval were calculated to depict the heterogeneity. All statistical analyses were done in R studio.
resultsDatabase search yielded 1418 articles, among which 99 studies were finally included. Pooled prevalence of sickle cell anemia from 656,005 participants was 2% (95% CI: 1%-3%, I2 = 99.6%). Pooled prevalence of sickle cell trait was 5% (95% CI: 2%-8%, I2 = 99.9%). Pooled prevalence of beta thalassemia was 6% (95% CI: 2%-12%, I2 = 99.9%). Pooled prevalence of beta thalassemia trait was 7% (95% CI: 4%-9%, I2 = 99.6%). Pooled prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 5% (95% CI: 3%-8%, I2 = 98.8%). Subgroup analysis revealed varying prevalence of hemoglobinopathies across the regions and states.
conclusionsThe study findings highlight the burden and subsequent need for region-specific (decentralized) strategies for managing hemoglobinopathies. Addressing the burden through early diagnosis, genetic counseling, and public health interventions is crucial in reducing morbidity and improving health outcomes.
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