Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41943083›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2026

Ultrasound-guided simultaneous lateral pterygoid muscle and bilaminar zone injection to treat temporal mandibular joint anterior disc displacement with reduction.

Jia Kang, Ren Zhang, Wen Chen, Pengfei Sun, Junfeng Zhao, Xiangdong Hu, Xuejiu Wang, Ning Zhang

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jia KangDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Trauma Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.9 Fanjiacun Road, FengTai District, Beijing, 100070, P.R. China.
Ren ZhangDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Wen ChenDepartment of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Pengfei SunDepartment of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Junfeng ZhaoDepartment of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Xiangdong HuDepartment of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Xuejiu WangDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Trauma Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.9 Fanjiacun Road, FengTai District, Beijing, 100070, P.R. China. wangxuejiu@126.com.
Ning ZhangDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Trauma Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.9 Fanjiacun Road, FengTai District, Beijing, 100070, P.R. China. chinazhning@163.com.

Funding

Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University Young Scientist Program YSP202503Special Project of the Joint Research and Development Center for Intelligent Stomatology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University AIZX2026101
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR) most frequently occurs in temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) and poses a major clinical challenge. Both botulinum toxin (BTX) and hypertonic dextrose (HD) injections have been reported for the treatment of ADDwR. However, the clinical confirmation of precise injection into the lateral pterygoid muscle and bilaminar zone is difficult. This study evaluated ultrasound-guided injection of BTX and HD for the treatment of ADDwR.

methodsThirty patients with ADDwR received real-time ultrasound-guided injection of 30 units of BTX and 0.2 ml of 50% HD. Primary outcomes included Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores for joint pain and clicking, and maximum opening. The secondary outcome was the Fricton score, and data were collected before treatment, and at 1 month and 6 months post-treatment.

resultsAt 1 month, VAS scores for joint pain and clicking decreased significantly, maximum opening increased markedly, and Fricton scores also showed a significant reduction (P < 0.01). At the 6-month follow-up, improvements in maximum opening and joint clicking remained statistically significant, although the degree of improvement was reduced compared with the 1-month assessment (P < 0.05). In contrast, improvement in joint pain was no longer statistically significant (P = 0.369). The Palpation Index, Craniomandibular Index and Dysfunction Index still showed significant improvement (P < 0.05).

conclusionUltrasound-guided precision combined injection of BTX and HD represents a viable short-term therapeutic option for anterior disc displacement with reduction.

Indexed as

Glucose Solution, HypertonicJoint DislocationsNeuromuscular AgentsPterygoid MusclesTemporomandibular Joint DiscTemporomandibular Joint DisordersUltrasonography, InterventionalAdultFemaleHumansInjections, Intra-ArticularMaleMiddle AgedPain MeasurementTreatment OutcomeGlucose Solution, HypertonicNeuromuscular AgentsAnterior disc displacement with reductionBotulinum toxinHypertonic dextroseMagnetic resonance imagingProlotherapyTemporomandibular disordersUltrasound

Identifiers

PMID41943083
PMCPMC13231648

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.