Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41942874›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2026

Genome and antimicrobial compounds analysis of Bacillus subtilis M51 as a potential biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum.

Li Zhang, Lizhu Shao, Boshen Wang, Boyuan Zhang, Yuting Li, Shuhong Song, Heng Zhao, Yilei Pu, Minxuan Rui, Zhongke Sun and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Li ZhangNational Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, No. 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Lizhu ShaoNational Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, No. 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Boshen WangNational Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, No. 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Boyuan ZhangNational Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, No. 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Yuting LiCollege of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Shuhong SongCollege of Light Chemical Engineering, Henan Vocational of Light Industry College, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450063, China.
Heng ZhaoCollege of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Yilei PuCollege of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Minxuan RuiCollege of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Zhongke SunCollege of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Chengwei LiCollege of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Na LiuNational Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology, No. 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China. liuna3456@haut.edu.cn.

Funding

the Open Project Program of National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Corn Further Processing, Henan University of Technology NL2023004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFusarium oxysporum is a common fungal pathogen of wheat that severely impacts plant growth and causes grain yield loss. The identification of potential biocontrol agents is important to complement agricultural management practices and reduce the use of chemical fungicides. This study investigated the potential mechanism of Bacillus subtilis strain M51 inhibition of F. oxysporum and analyzed secondary metabolite-related compounds based on M51 whole-genome sequencing results.

resultsThe strain M51 was experimentally isolated from healthy wheat roots and identified as B. subtilis. This strain showed significant antagonistic effects against seven phytopathogenic fungi, with the highest inhibition rate of 64.35% observed against F. oxysporum YJ-2. Fusarium oxysporum treated with a crude extract of M51 fermentation broth produced rough and abnormally twisted mycelium, an increased number of branch nodes, and disruption of mycelial cell membranes. The activity of peroxidase in F. oxysporum treated with the crude extract was significantly reduced, whereas reactive oxygen species accumulation and malondialdehyde content were increased. Genome sequencing revealed that M51 contained a single circular chromosome 4,425,418 bp in length, with 4498 coding sequences and an average GC content of 43.05%. Genomic analysis revealed that it contained protein-encoding genes for the production of cellulase, lipopetides, indole-3-acetic acid, and iron carriers, for example, which assist in plant defense against pathogen infection and promote plant growth. Six lipopetides (surfactin, fengycin, bacillaene, bacillibactin, bacilysin, and subtilosin A) and small secondary metabolites (dimethyl carbate, aviglycine hydrochloride, butroxydim, D-limonene, latilure, and oryctalure) were detected from the M51 crude extract by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. In addition, a pot experiment indicated that the sterile filtrate from M51 fermentation broth can promote the growth of wheat seedlings.

conclusionsThese findings demonstrate the potential of M51 as a biological control agent against wheat root-rot fungi and provide a foundation for the development of novel secondary metabolites that effectively inhibit pathogenic fungi.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsBacillus subtilisBiological Control AgentsFusariumGenome, BacterialBiosurfactantsGenomicsPlant DiseasesTriticumWhole Genome SequencingAntifungal AgentsBiological Control AgentsBacillus subtilisBiological controlFusarium oxysporumSecondary metabolitesWheat

Identifiers

PMID41942874
PMCPMC13188655

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.