ArticleBMC microbiology2026
Evaluation of occurrence, antimicrobial resistance rates, and antibiotic resistance determinants in Klebsiella pneumoniae from hospitalised patients in Lagos, Nigeria.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe study investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and resistance determinants of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients in Lagos, Nigeria.
methodsOne thousand four hundred and forty clinical samples (400 urine, 700 blood, and 340 stool) were collected from inpatients admitted to four public hospitals in Lagos between May 2021 and July 2023. The samples were analysed microbiologically. The isolates were identified using API 20E. and were subjected to in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESβLs), β-lactamase AmpC, and carbapenemases. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) was used to determine antibiotic resistance genes, including ESBLs and carbapenemases, using specific primers.
resultsThree Klebsiella species were reported in this study, with an overall prevalence of 5.97% (86/1440). Of this, 4.5% (65/1440) K. pneumoniae, 1.04% (15/1440) K. oxytoca, and the least prevalent 0.42% (6/1440) K. aerogenes were documented. K. pneumoniae was isolated in all the age groups, but was highest in groups 1–10 years. There was no statistically significant association (P-value > 0.05) between the occurrence of K. pneumoniae and age groups or sex. Over 80% of K. pneumoniae isolates were MDR and were 100% resistant to cephalosporins, carbapenems, and polymyxin antibiotics. Six resistant patterns were recorded, with CAZ-CTX-CPM-CIP-CRO-AUG-GM-CO-IMP-MEM-ETP-DOR being the most frequently encountered pattern, at 46.2%. Specifically, 16 of the 20 isolates (80.0%) harboured one or two ESBL genes such as blaSHV, blaTEM and blaCTX−M, and carbapenemase genes including blaIMP, blaVIM, blaNDM, blaKPC, and blaOXA−48.
conclusionThis study revealed the presence of MDR K.pneumoniae and the emerging isolates with the co-existence of ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase genes. Surveillance, early detection, and adherence to antibiotic policies are essential to mitigate the spread.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.