ArticleCommunications engineering2026
Thermal runaway-induced short-circuit arc in highly integrated lithium-ion battery systems: mechanisms, thresholds, and mitigation strategies.
Article in Communications engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Thermal runaway-induced short-circuit arc in battery cell blocks or modules pose severe risks to electric vehicle safety; Despite this risk, however, their failure mechanisms, path and safety thresholds remain insufficiently understood. This study addresses these gaps by investigating short-circuit arc in commercial battery systems. Three short-circuit arc modes (case-to-case, case-to-busbar, and busbar-to-busbar) and corresponding failure paths were identified, with the case-to-case mode confirmed as the most hazardous. Experimental characterization reveals three phenomena during the case-to-case mode: weak Joule heating, intrinsic breakdown, and thermal breakdown with temperatures exceeding 1400 °C under 117 V and 7.2 mm, capable of triggering adjacent cell thermal runaway. A quadratic correlation between the critical breakdown voltage and electrode spacing was established, and a risk map was proposed. This study clarifies the mechanisms of thermal runaway-induced short-circuit arc, providing a quantitative safety design tool for highly integrated/high-voltage battery systems.
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