Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41940717›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2026

Extravascular Motion Signal Detected by OCT Angiography Indicates Altered Vascular-Tissue Biomechanical Interactions in Glaucoma.

Arwa Arrashoud, Juan Reynaud, Michaela Dunn, Grant Cull, Stuart K Gardiner, Brad Fortune

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Arwa ArrashoudDiscoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute and Legacy Research Institute, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon, United States.
Juan ReynaudDiscoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute and Legacy Research Institute, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon, United States.
Michaela DunnDiscoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute and Legacy Research Institute, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon, United States.
Grant CullDiscoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute and Legacy Research Institute, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon, United States.
Stuart K GardinerDiscoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute and Legacy Research Institute, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon, United States.
Brad FortuneDiscoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute and Legacy Research Institute, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon, United States.

Funding

Advancing OCT evaluation to reveal early-stage changes in glaucomaR01EY030590 · NEI · LEGACY EMANUEL HOSPITAL AND HEALTH CENTER · PI FORTUNE, BRAD · 2019 to 2022
$2.2M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY030590
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To report and characterize a novel extravascular motion (EVM) signal detected by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and test the hypothesis that it can be used to quantify physiologic changes in glaucomatous eyes. Methods: We used existing data from ongoing studies of unilateral experimental glaucoma (EG) in rhesus macaques (n = 47; 41 females, six males; ages 6-18 years). OCTA scans centered on the ONH (768 × 768 × 496 voxels over 15° × 15°) were manually segmented to quantify the number and length of EVM lines and classify major blood vessels in en face angiographs. Two-way ANOVA with Šídák's multiple comparisons post hoc tests and linear regression were applied for statistical analysis and hypothesis testing. Results: EVM signals manifest as isolated line segments along the fast-scanning axis (i.e., along individual B-scan lines). Their inter-B-scan spacing produced an estimate of heart rate that accurately predicts actual heart rate. EVM lines were more common adjacent to arteries compared to veins, and uncommon in non-vascular areas (P < 0.0001). They were more numerous at higher intraocular pressure (IOP) and in EG compared to fellow control eyes (P < 0.0001), even after accounting for IOP at the time of scan acquisition (P < 0.01). EVM count or length was not correlated with EG severity or age at the time of the scan, but EVM timing did correlate with heart rate (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: We report a novel OCTA EVM signal representing pulsatile tissue displacement caused by the cardiac cycle, most commonly adjacent to arteries, more prominent in EG eyes, and strongly influenced by IOP, which may be indicative of altered biomechanical properties of the vasculature and/or paravascular retinal parenchyma.

Indexed as

Fluorescein AngiographyGlaucomaOptic DiskRetinal VesselsTomography, Optical CoherenceAnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHeart RateIntraocular PressureMacaca mulattaMale

Identifiers

PMID41940717
PMCPMC13068027

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.