ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced resectable penile squamous cell carcinoma.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) combined with chemotherapy as a neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy for locally advanced penile squamous-cell carcinoma (PSCC) remains unclear. Methods: A prospective, non-randomized, two-cohort study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of sintilimab combined with chemotherapy in this setting. Based on preoperative assessment, Patients were assigned to either undergo surgery following neoadjuvant therapy plus adjuvant therapy or to proceed directly to surgery followed by adjuvant therapy. Outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), pathological complete response (pCR), major pathological response (MPR), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs). The study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400094629) and is currently ongoing. Results: A preliminary analysis was performed on 25 enrolled patients. With a median follow-up of 20 months, among the 17 patients who received neoadjuvant therapy, the ORR was 52.9% (including 2 complete responses and 7 partial responses), and the DCR was 76.5%. Notably, in the treatment-naive subgroup, the ORR reached 66.7%. Of the 12 patients who underwent surgery, 2 achieved pCR and 3 achieved MPR. The 18-month PFS and OS rates for the entire cohort were 71.4% and 90.0%, respectively. Stratified by treatment modality, the neoadjuvant-adjuvant group showed an 18-month PFS rate of 68.8% and an OS rate of 85.7%, while the adjuvant-only group had 18-month PFS and OS rates of 75.0% and 100.0%, respectively. Patients who attained a radiological CR/PR after neoadjuvant therapy had significantly better PFS compared to those with SD/PD ( Conclusion: This preliminary analysis demonstrates that ICI combined with chemotherapy provides durable antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile as neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant therapy for locally advanced PSCC. These results warrant further validation in larger cohorts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.