ArticleClinics in orthopedic surgery2026
Augmented Reality Navigation for Pedicle Screw Fixation: Technical Accuracy and Feasibility in a Human Cadaveric Study.
Article in Clinics in orthopedic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Pedicle screw fixation is the gold standard for spinal stabilization, but accurate placement remains challenging. Conventional navigation systems have limitations including workflow disruption and divided attention between the surgical field and external monitors. This study evaluates the feasibility and accuracy of a novel augmented reality navigation for pedicle screw fixation (ARNF) system in human cadaveric specimens. Methods: Two human cadaveric specimens were used for placement of 18 pedicle screws (10 in cadaver 1, 8 in cadaver 2) across thoracolumbar vertebrae (T12-L4). A custom-developed head-mounted display with optical tracking was employed to project 3-dimensional reconstructed spine models and planned screw trajectories into the surgeon's field of view. Registration was performed using 15 anatomical landmarks with a point-pair matching technique. Accuracy was assessed by postoperative computed tomography scan, measuring entry point deviation, trajectory deviation, and angular difference, and using the Gertzbein-Robbins classification. Results: Of the 18 pedicle screws placed, 16 (88.89%) achieved grade A accuracy (complete intrapedicular placement) and 2 (11.11%) were grade B (minor breach < 2 mm), yielding 100% clinically acceptable placement. Technical accuracy measurements revealed a mean entry point deviation of 0.17 mm (standard deviation [SD], 0.11 mm), mean tip deviation of 0.80 mm (SD, 0.33 mm), and mean angular deviation of 2.14° (SD, 0.69°). The average placement time was 3.1 minutes per screw. Conclusions: The ARNF system demonstrated exceptional accuracy for pedicle screw placement in a human cadaveric model with high precision at critical anatomical landmarks. This technology allows surgeons to maintain visual focus on the surgical field while providing precise navigation guidance, potentially addressing key limitations of conventional navigation systems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.