ArticleEClinicalMedicine2026
Trajectory of weight regain after cessation of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review and nonlinear meta-regression.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on objective physical activity in adults: a systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Pooled it
- The effects of exercise interventions on weight regain after weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Glycaemic Changes After Semaglutide Discontinuation in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Using Automated Insulin Delivery: Analysis of the ADJUST-T1D Extension Study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- The Weight Management Hope Scale: Initial Validation of a Measure to Assess Goal-Directed Thinking in Obesity Research and Practice.Obesity science & practice · 2026Article
- Preventing Weight Regain After Glucagon-Like Peptide‑1 Therapy Discontinuation: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Obesity science & practice · 2026Article
- Early Weight Regain After GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Discontinuation: Mechanisms and Implications for Treatment De-Escalation Strategies.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Hemoglobin AJMIR formative research · 2026Observational
- Nutritional considerations for glucagon-like peptide-based therapies: An Asian Indian consensus recommendation.Obesity pillars · 2026Review
- Once-Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide 2.4 mg Injection is Cost-Effective for Weight Management in Spain.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Review
- Weight regain after obesity treatment: mechanisms, predictors, and real-world evidence from the IGOBE program.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Methionine-supplemented longevity diet increases growth hormone, GLP-1, and FGF21; reduces frailty; and promotes healthspan.Cell metabolism · 2026Article
- Structured Exercise During and After Incretin-Based Pharmacotherapy Discontinuation: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms, Evidence, and Prescription Guidance.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Obesity, metabolic health status, and adverse outcomes in men and women.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Anti-Obesity Drugs in Obesity-Associated Female Reproductive Dysfunction: Translating Mechanistic Evidence into Personalized Clinical Strategies.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Psyllium and Glucomannan as Viscous Fiber Modulators of the Gut-Microbiome-Incretin Axis: Molecular Links to Metabolic Inflammation, Barrier Function, and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Obesity Management in Older Adults: A Scoping Review on the Risk of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity.Current nutrition reports · 2026Article
- Shrinking appetites: Will GLP-1 adoption in high-income countries accelerate Big Food's push into low- and middle-income countries?Globalization and health · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, information sources, and use of weight-loss injections among adults in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Injectable drugs for weight management.Australian prescriber · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have emerged as breakthrough agents for weight loss. However, discontinuation is common, and clinical trials have demonstrated significant weight regain following cessation. In this systematic review, we aimed to characterise the trajectory of weight regain after GLP-1RA cessation. Methods: This systematic review and meta-regression analysis followed Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science from inception to August 28, 2025 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomised interventional studies and observational studies reporting weight outcomes after cessation of GLP-1RAs in adults with overweight or obesity. Weight regain was the primary outcome and was modelled using nonlinear regression. Secondary, exploratory outcomes included HbA1c and systolic blood pressure. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD420250631751). Findings: A total of 48 relevant studies were included. Weight consistently rebounded after cessation of GLP-1RAs. Six RCTs with 3236 participants were included in the nonlinear meta-regression, which utilised a mixed-effect exponential recovery model with random effects applied to the rate constant. At 1 year post-cessation, 60% of the weight lost during treatment was regained. Beyond 52 weeks, weight trajectories were extrapolated, with weight regain estimated to plateau at 75.3% (95% CI 68.9-81.6) of the weight lost on treatment. The rate constant was 0.0302 per week (95% CI 0.0202-0.0401), corresponding to a half-life of 23.0 weeks (95% CI 17.3-34.3). Most studies were assessed to have a moderate risk of bias. Interpretation: GLP-1RA cessation is associated with a predictable and decelerating pattern of weight regain, which appears to plateau below pre-treatment levels, suggesting that partial weight-loss benefit may persist long-term but is substantially attenuated. Funding: None.
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