ArticleInternational journal of medical sciences2026
Longitudinal Radiological Remodeling after Irreversible Electroporation Versus Radiofrequency Ablation: A Prospective Comparative Study (The LIRA Study).
Article in International journal of medical sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: To evaluate the short- to intermediate-term radiological evolution of ablation zones using contrast-enhanced MRI and to assess clinically relevant outcomes following irreversible electroporation (IRE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with liver tumors. Methods: Thirty-five ablation zones from 24 patients were prospectively evaluated in the LIRA Study. Serial contrast-enhanced MRI was performed at predefined time points (post-ablation day 7 as baseline, 1 month, and 3 months), and ablation-zone geometry was quantitatively analyzed and compared between groups. In addition to longitudinal radiological evolution of the ablation zone, local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) was evaluated as the primary clinical endpoint; disease control and treatment-related safety were also assessed. Peripheral immune profiling was assessed in an exploratory manner. Results: Longitudinal imaging demonstrated distinct ablation-zone remodeling patterns between the two modalities. Ablation-zone volume and surface area decreased significantly at both 1 and 3 months in both groups, with smaller normalized values in the IRE group. In contrast, a significantly greater change in the surface area-to-volume ratio was observed only at 3 months with IRE versus RFA (IRE: 0.27 [0.16-0.36] vs. RFA: 0.04 [0.02-0.08]; Conclusions: IRE is associated with more pronounced longitudinal radiological evolution of the ablation zone compared with RFA, with comparable clinical outcomes and time-dependent immune fluctuations observed after ablation in liver tumors.
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