Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41937130›Full record

ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2026

LILRB3 inhibition reverses immunosuppression in glioma: a nanoparticle-based therapeutic strategy.

Jiefu Yu, Xiangguo Cui, Guangcai Shao, Jiaxin Li, Qi Li, Qingyu Liang, Nu Li, Xiang Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jiefu Yu *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
Xiangguo Cui *Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, China.
Guangcai Shao *Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
Jiaxin LiDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
Qi LiDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
Qingyu LiangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China. liang1853188@sina.com.
Nu LiDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China. 20081177@cmu.edu.cn.
Xiang LiDepartment of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China. lixiangxmn11@163.com.

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province 2025-MS-198
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioma is a highly aggressive brain tumor characterized by a profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment dominated by M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). This study utilized machine learning and single-cell multi-omics technologies to investigate the role of LILRB3 in glioma immunosuppression and evaluated the therapeutic potential of BM@nano-siLILRB3. In a tumor-bearing mouse model, core immune cells and key genes in glioma progression were identified. In vitro studies revealed that silencing LILRB3 suppressed M2 phenotypes in macrophages and inhibited glioma cell proliferation and invasion. In vivo experiments confirmed that LILRB3 promoted TAM M2 polarization, fostering an immunosuppressive microenvironment and accelerating glioma progression. The BM@nano-siLILRB3 nanoplatform effectively targeted the BBB, suppressed LILRB3 expression, reprogrammed immune responses, and led to substantial tumor growth inhibition. Overall, targeting LILRB3 with BM@nano-siLILRB3 shows promise in mitigating immunosuppression and hindering glioma progression, providing a novel therapeutic avenue for glioma treatment.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGliomaNanoparticlesReceptors, ImmunologicAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationHumansImmunosuppression TherapyMacrophagesMiceTumor-Associated MacrophagesTumor MicroenvironmentReceptors, ImmunologicGliomaImmunomodulationLILRB3Machine learningMacrophage polarizationSingle-cell sequencing

Identifiers

PMID41937130
PMCPMC13200305

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.