ArticleJournal of surgical oncology2026
Serotonin Expression and β-Cell Phenotype Are Associated With Indolent Behavior in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors With Sclerosing Morphology.
Article in Journal of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Serotonin Expression and β-Cell Phenotype Are Associated With Indolent Behavior in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors With Sclerosing Morphology.Journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesARX and PDX1 transcription factors have been considered indicators of the cell of origin for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). Some PanNETs show dense fibrosis (sclerosing morphology) and an association with serotonin expression. This study aimed to explore ARX and PDX1 expression in these tumors.
methodsPathology archives were searched from 2005 to 2019 for PanNETs with dense stromal fibrosis. Immunohistochemical stains for ARX, PDX1, and serotonin were performed and reviewed with pertinent clinical findings.
resultsFifty-one PanNETs were evaluated. Serotonin expression was identified in 19 (37%) tumors. The mean tumor size was smaller in the serotonin-expressing group compared to the non-expressing group (1.7 ± 1.1 vs. 2.5 ± 1.2 cm, p = 0.03). Serotonin-expressing tumors demonstrated a β-cell phenotype with absence of ARX expression in the majority of tumors (n = 16; 84.2%), while the non-expressing tumors demonstrated an α-cell phenotype with ARX expression (n = 24, 75%, p < 0.01). Synchronous/metachronous liver metastasis was more frequent in the serotonin non-expressing tumors (p = 0.020). Serotonin expression was associated with a better disease-free survival.
conclusionsSerotonin-expressing PanNETs more commonly showed a β-cell phenotype, while non-expressing tumors favored an α-cell phenotype with more frequent liver metastasis. The expression of serotonin suggests more indolent behavior in this variant of PanNETs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.