ArticleBMC nursing2026
Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Watson Caritas Patient Score.
Article in BMC nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWatson’s Theory of Human Caring emphasizes ten Caritas Processes®, providing a theoretical foundation for holistic nursing care. The Watson Caritas Patient Score (WCPS) has been validated internationally. However, to date, no culturally adapted Chinese version exists. The aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the WCPS into a Chinese version (WCPS-C), and examine its psychometric properties and convergent validity using the Patient Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases: (1) translation and cultural adaptation of the WCPS into Chinese, and (2) psychometric testing using two independent samples. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA, n = 104) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA, n = 221) were also performed. Data were collected from March 1 to September 8, 2025, at five hospitals in Taiwan. Descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s α for reliability, Pearson correlation for convergent validity, EFA with principal axis factoring and Promax rotation, and CFA using AMOS were conducted to evaluate construct validity and model fit.
resultsThe participants’ demographics did not differ significantly between the EFA and CFA samples. EFA supported a one-factor structure (KMO = 0.813, Bartlett’s p < 0.001), explaining 82.34% of variance, with factor loadings ranging from 0.825 to 0.937. CFA confirmed good fit indices: χ²/df = 0.50, CFI = 1.000, RMSEA = 0.000, SRMR = 0.004; standardized factor loadings ranged from 0.825 to 0.937. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach’s α = 0.935). The WCPS-C scores showed a positive correlation with patient satisfaction (Spearman’s rho = 0.628–0.764, p < 0.001).
conclusionsThe WCPS-C is a culturally relevant psychometric tool for assessing patients’ perceptions of nursing care in Taiwan. It captures the holistic dimensions of nursing care beyond traditional satisfaction measures. It can be applied in clinical settings to evaluate nurses’ caring behaviors, enhance caring competence, and guide quality improvement in nursing practice. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.