ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026
Management of refractory periorbital abscesses caused by Streptococcus constellatus: case report.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStreptococcus constellatus is recognized for its propensity for aggressive abscess formation; however, its refractory nature in periorbital infections remains underemphasized in the literature. This study aims to present two cases of treatment-resistant periorbital abscesses and delineate a successful multidisciplinary management protocol, complemented by a review of previously reported cases to provide a comprehensive clinical perspective. CASE PRESENTATION: The first case involves a 25-year-old male who presented with a three-day history of a maxillary dental abscess followed by 24 h of left periorbital swelling and restricted ocular motility. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed cellulitis with a subperiosteal abscess. Despite initial surgical intervention, persistent purulence necessitated subsequent daily bedside drainage. Cultures identified S. constellatus. Functional and aesthetic outcomes were optimized through the targeted use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to mitigate post-inflammatory fibrosis. The second case describes an 18-year-old autistic male with poor oral hygiene presenting with a two-day history of left periorbital edema. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a 5 cm subcutaneous collection. Alongside broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotic therapy, the patient underwent five days of daily drainage and ceftazidime irrigation. Cultures similarly identified S. constellatus, and he achieved full functional and cosmetic recovery. DISCUSSION AND
conclusionsS. constellatus can precipitate aggressive, treatment-resistant periorbital abscesses. Early multidisciplinary intervention, including targeted systemic antibiotics, repeated surgical drainage, local antibiotic irrigation, and close collaboration with infectious disease specialists, is essential for achieving optimal clinical outcomes
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.