Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41935053›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Layer-selective hydrogenation and proton transport in twisted bilayer graphene.

J Tong, G Chen, H Li, E Hoenig, M Alhashmi, X Zhang, D Bahamon, G R Tainton, S Sullivan-Allsop, Y Mayamei and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

J TongDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. tongjincheng@outlook.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7762-1460
G ChenDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
H LiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
E HoenigDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
M AlhashmiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
X ZhangDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
D BahamonResearch and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH Center) and Chemical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
G R TaintonNational Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7072-4640
S Sullivan-AllsopNational Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8697-6922
Y MayameiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-7247-7878
D R da CostaDepartamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1335-9552
L F VegaResearch and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH Center) and Chemical Engineering Department, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7609-4184
S J HaighNational Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5509-6706
D DomaretskiyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6202-2550
F M PeetersDepartamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3507-8951
M Lozada-HidalgoDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. marcelo.lozadahidalgo@manchester.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3216-7537

Funding

RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/X017745
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent work investigated graphene's hydrogenation with independent control of the electric field, E, and charge density, n, in the crystal and showed that the process is controlled by n. Here, we demonstrate layer-selective conductor-insulator transitions in twisted bilayer graphene, driven by hydrogenation at fixed n under strong E. This process is accompanied by proton transport through the bilayer, enabling several parallel and configurable logic gates in the devices. Selectivity arises because the large twist angle decouples the two layers' electronic systems, enabling independent control of their charge densities. Polarisation by the field then induces a charge imbalance at fixed total n, triggering hydrogenation when one of the layers' charge densities reaches the threshold for monolayer hydrogenation. Our results introduce a new type of electrode-electrolyte interface in which electrochemical processes are controlled with two decoupled 2D electron gases, opening new design opportunities for energy and information processing devices.

Identifiers

PMID41935053
PMCPMC13230707

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.