Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41934187›Full record

ArticleThe New phytologist2026

Cyclophilin A-mediated cis/trans isomerization modulates RIN4 to control intracellular rhizobial infection in legumes.

Takashi Goto, Kasper Røjkjær Andersen, Masaru Bamba, Shusei Sato, Masayuki Sugawara, Kiwamu Minamisawa, Masayoshi Kawaguchi, Jens Stougaard, Yasuyuki Kawaharada

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The New phytologist, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Takashi GotoDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen 81, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2154-3042
Kasper Røjkjær AndersenDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen 81, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-8067
Masaru BambaGraduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1486-7524
Shusei SatoGraduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0293-5366
Masayuki SugawaraDepartment of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, West 2-11, Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3058-4348
Kiwamu MinamisawaGraduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4079
Masayoshi KawaguchiNational Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigo-naka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1032-6261
Jens StougaardDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen 81, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-2685
Yasuyuki KawaharadaDepartment of Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-4394

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (23K19376)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In most legume-rhizobium symbioses, rhizobial colonization occurs through host-derived intracellular infection threads, which enable rhizobial recruitment while presumably modulating the host immune system to prevent rejection. To investigate post-translational regulation of immune responses during rhizobial infection, we focused on Cyclophilin A (CyPA), a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase. The model legume Lotus japonicus encodes three canonical CyPA genes. Using CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis, structural modeling, and phylogenomics, we characterized LjCyPA1 as essential for normal intracellular infection by compatible rhizobia. A gain-of-function LjCyPA1 variant in a soybean cultivar promoted symbiosis with both compatible and incompatible rhizobia. Functional association between LjCyPA1 and the immune hub protein LjRIN4 is essential for symbiosis. The putative cis-LjRIN4 promoted intracellular rhizobial infection, while the putative trans-LjRIN4 suppressed it. LjCyPA1 and LjRIN4 acted in concert with the rhizobial type III secretion system (T3SS), highlighting a cooperative role between host and symbiont in facilitating infection. Our results contribute to the understanding of how legumes accept symbiotic partners while balancing immune responses.

Indexed as

Cyclophilin AFabaceaeGlycine maxIntracellular SpacePlant ProteinsRhizobiumAmino Acid SequenceGene Expression Regulation, PlantIsomerismPhylogenyRoot Nodules, PlantSymbiosisCyclophilin APlant Proteinscis/trans isomerizationCyclophilin Aimmune system modulationLotus japonicusMesorhizobium lotiRIN4root nodule symbiosistype III secretion system

Identifiers

PMID41934187
PMCPMC13193524

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.