SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2026
Effectiveness and safety of darunavir and lopinavir for treating children and adolescents living with HIV: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDarunavir and lopinavir solid formulations are recommended protease inhibitors for treating HIV. An evidence review of their effectiveness/efficacy and safety in young populations was needed to inform the 2025 World Health Organization guidelines.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review of publications reporting efficacy/effectiveness and/or safety of darunavir and/or lopinavir solid formulations in children and/or adolescents with HIV aged 0–19 years, with at least 6 months follow-up. Sources included MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, recent HIV conferences and trial registries. Data were synthesized narratively.
resultsWe screened 4,196 abstracts and 421 papers. Thirteen studies (including two randomized controlled trials (RCTs)) on darunavir were identified in 1,895 children/adolescents (2% treatment-naïve). Among treatment-experienced participants on ritonavir-boosted darunavir, 86% (198/229) and 95% (143/150) had viral suppression (< 50 or < 400 copies/mL) at 48 weeks in the RCTs and 29% (4/14)-100% (12/12) across seven other studies (N = 736), respectively. Participants in the four studies (N = 184) with < 70% suppression were heavily treatment-experienced and unsuppressed at darunavir start. Grade 3/4 adverse events (clinical/laboratory) occurred in 0%-30% of participants on ritonavir-boosted darunavir (seven studies, N = 515; 8–9% in two large RCTs), and adverse events leading to discontinuation or treatment modification in 0%-10% (10 studies, N = 974; 2–3% in two RCTs). Three grade 3/4 adverse events in one study were drug related. Twenty-nine studies (including four randomized trials) on ritonavir-boosted lopinavir solid formulations were identified in 3,605 children/adolescents (17% treatment-naïve). Among treatment-experienced children/adolescents at 48–52 weeks, viral suppression was 80% (179/223) in one RCT and 53% (448/852)-100% (12/12) across five other studies (N = 1305). Across all populations, grade 3/4 adverse events were reported in 8%-60% of participants (four studies, N = 1405; 8–13% in two large RCTs), and events leading to discontinuation or treatment modification in 0%-9% (seven studies, N = 905; 2–3% in two RCTs). Five participants experienced drug-related grade 3/4 adverse events (five studies, N = 1107). Lipid levels were significantly greater with lopinavir versus other regimens (five studies).
conclusionsDarunavir was safe in treatment-experienced children and adolescents, and viral suppression was high in RCTs; data were limited in treatment-naïve populations. Viral suppression with lopinavir solid formulations was variable. Lopinavir was generally well-tolerated but compared unfavourably with other drugs in terms of lipid outcomes. PROSPERO NUMBER: CRD42020204432.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.