Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41933195›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2026

Molecular phenotypes stratify small cell lung cancer for targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

Juxuan Zhang, Yiyan Liu, Hengrui Yuan, Ning Zhan, Jiaxing Deng, Lefan Tang, Xin Li, Yixin Liu, Wenyuan Zhao, Shilong Liu and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. The Five-Decade Journey of Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Juxuan Zhang *College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yiyan Liu *College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Hengrui Yuan *College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Ning ZhanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Jiaxing DengCollege of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Lefan TangCollege of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Xin LiCollege of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yixin LiuCollege of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Wenyuan ZhaoCollege of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Shilong LiuDepartment of Thoracic Radiation Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China. liushilong1984@hrbmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-6868-2752
Lishuang QiCollege of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. qilishuang7@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2991-6544

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 32370716National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62473119
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy, exhibits high intertumoral heterogeneity and limited treatment options. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provide only modest benefits for SCLC, underscoring the need for clinically actionable phenotypes.

methodsConsensus clustering of bulk transcriptomic data identified SCLC molecular phenotypes. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed their molecular and immune characteristics, as well as tumor microenvironment interactions. Survival benefits of ICIs were assessed in 41 newly collected extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) patients treated with chemotherapy plus ICIs, integrated with a public dataset.

resultsWe identified three distinct SCLC phenotypes, termed proliferative, iNotch, and infiltrated phenotypes, as they were characterized by high proliferation, inhibitory Notch signaling, and immune-rich microenvironments, respectively. These phenotypes were reproducible across three bulk independent datasets. Further intercellular communication analysis of scRNA-seq data revealed a subset with high ANXA1 expression in the infiltrated phenotype suppressed CD8

conclusionsThis study identified three distinct SCLC phenotypes with unique therapeutic vulnerabilities. An ANXA1

Indexed as

Immune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyLung NeoplasmsSmall Cell Lung CarcinomaCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesHumansMolecular Targeted TherapyPhenotypeTumor MicroenvironmentImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID41933195
PMCPMC13184308

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.