Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41932343›Full record

ArticleImmunity2026

Agonistic anti-CD40 antibody treatment converts resident regulatory T cells into activated type 1 effectors within the tumor microenvironment.

Vivien I Maltez, Charu Arora, Kyle P Gribbin, Breanna Caruso, Margaret E Haerr, Rina Sor, Qiaoshi Lian, Katie E Blise, Shamilene Sivagnanam, Rosalie C Sears and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Immunity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Vivien I MaltezPostdoctoral Research Associate Training (PRAT) Program Fellow, NIGMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Charu AroraAbramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Kyle P GribbinDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Breanna CarusoDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Margaret E HaerrDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Rina SorAbramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Qiaoshi LianLymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Katie E BliseDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; The Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Shamilene SivagnanamDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; The Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Rosalie C SearsThe Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Lisa M CoussensDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; The Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Robert H VonderheideAbramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ronald N GermainLymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging (CAT-I), NIAID and NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: rgermain@niaid.nih.gov.
Katelyn T ByrneDepartment of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; The Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: byrneka@ohsu.edu.

Funding

UC San Diego FIRST ProgramU54CA272220 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI MARIA ELENA MARTINEZ, Joann Trejo · 2022 to 2026
$21.2M
Multiscale Analysis of Immune ResponsesZ01AI000545 · NIAID · NIAID EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES · PI GERMAIN, RONALD N · 1990 to 2008
$4.5M
FUNCTIONAL BIOLOGY OF T CELLSZ01AI000758 · NIAID · NIAID EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES · PI GERMAIN, RONALD N · 1997 to 2008
$1.2M
MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF T CELL RECEPTOR STRUCTURE AND REPERTOIREZ01AI000403 · NIAID · NIAID EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES · PI GERMAIN, RONALD N · 1985 to 2008
$684k
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AI000403Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AI000545Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AI000758NCI NIH HHS U54 CA272220
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), agonistic anti-CD40 (αCD40) reduces frequencies of intratumoral regulatory T (Treg) cells despite a lack of CD40 expression on Treg cells. Here, we leveraged spatiotemporal imaging and lineage tracing approaches to examine intratumoral Treg cell fate in a mouse model of PDAC, where immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) (αPD-1 + αCTLA-4) combined with αCD40 controls tumor growth. Intratumoral Foxp3

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Pancreatic DuctalCD40 AntigensPancreatic NeoplasmsTh1 CellsT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsCell Line, TumorChemokine CXCL9Dendritic CellsForkhead Transcription FactorsHumansInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12Lymphocyte ActivationMiceCD40 AntigensChemokine CXCL9Forkhead Transcription FactorsFoxp3 protein, mouseInterferon-gammaInterleukin-12Receptors, CXCR3CD40 agonistinterferon-γregulatory T cellreprogrammingtumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID41932343
PMCPMC13268847

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.