Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41931610›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

A stromal PAI1-tPA axis orchestrates immunosuppression in pancreatic cancer.

Tenzin Ngodup, Brynn Elson, Ashley M Mello, Sean Hannifin, Miranda Liu, Yaqing Zhang, Jiaqi Shi, Yatrik M Shah, Daniel A Lawrence, Marina Pasca di Magliano and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Hypoxia Impairs CD8Cancers · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tenzin NgodupDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4623-2830
Brynn ElsonProgram in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-1342-8062
Ashley M MelloProgram in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3280-181X
Sean HannifinProgram in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2925-4808
Miranda LiuDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Yaqing ZhangRogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9185-4364
Jiaqi ShiRogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4893-1587
Yatrik M ShahRogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2487-4816
Daniel A LawrenceDepartment of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3126-1935
Marina Pasca di MaglianoRogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9632-9035
Kyoung Eun LeeDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3955-7389

Funding

Defining epigenetic signaling to reshape pancreatic tumor microenvironmentR37CA262209 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jiaqi Shi · 2022 to 2026
$2.3M
Metabolic regulation of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer.R01CA290780 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Yaqing Zhang, Bin Zheng · 2024 to 2026
$2.0M
Role of Hypoxia in Shaping the Tumor Stroma in Pancreatic CancerR01CA269025 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Kyoung Eun Lee · 2023 to 2026
$1.7M
Role of hypoxia in CD8+ T cell exclusion and suppression in pancreatic cancerF31CA281079 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Ashley Mello · 2023 to 2026
$167k
NCI NIH HHS F31 CA281079NCI NIH HHS R01 CA269025NCI NIH HHS R01 CA290780NCI NIH HHS R37 CA262209
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy with a dense desmoplastic stroma and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that contribute to therapeutic resistance. Here, we identify plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI1) as a stroma-derived mediator of immune evasion and tumor progression in PDAC. PAI1 is predominantly produced and secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts, and its genetic ablation in the stromal compartment impairs tumor growth. Mechanistically, hypoxia induces PAI1 expression in fibroblasts, which in turn shifts macrophages toward immunosuppressive phenotypes and suppresses CD8

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Pancreatic DuctalImmune TolerancePancreatic NeoplasmsPlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1Tissue Plasminogen ActivatorAnimalsCancer-Associated FibroblastsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCell Line, TumorGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansImmunosuppression TherapyMacrophagesMiceStromal CellsTumor EscapePlasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Identifiers

PMID41931610
PMCPMC13048251

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.