ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Postoperative inflammatory markers are not associated with hidden blood loss after knee arthroscopy.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: Hidden blood loss (HBL) and systemic inflammatory response are common after knee arthroscopy, but whether they are interrelated remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate if changes in inflammatory markers (∆CRP and ∆WBC) are associated with HBL, independent of known hematological predictors. Methods: A total of 34 patients undergoing knee arthroscopy were included. Demographic, surgical, and laboratory data were collected. HBL was calculated using a standard formula. Inflammatory markers (CRP and WBC) were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Linear regression was used to assess the association between HBL and ∆CRP/∆WBC, adjusting for covariates. Results: A total of 34 patients were included. Postoperatively, the median CRP was 5.36 mg/L (IQR 2.80-12.20), the mean WBC was 9.25 ± 2.07 × 10 Conclusion: Although inflammatory markers increased significantly after knee arthroscopy, they were not associated with HBL. This suggests that postoperative inflammation and hidden blood loss represent distinct pathophysiological processes. Clinicians should understand that while postoperative fever and elevated inflammatory markers are expected, they do not indicate increased blood loss, and HBL itself is not a risk factor for infection.
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