ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2026
Epidemiological characteristics of single and co-infections with upper respiratory tract pathogens among children in eastern China: a retrospective study.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The epidemiology of pediatric respiratory tract infections (RTIs) has shifted since the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence and co-infection patterns of seven key respiratory pathogens in children in Eastern China following the relaxation of pandemic-related non-pharmaceutical interventions. Methods: We conducted a large-scale, retrospective study involving pediatric patients aged under 18 years who presented with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection (RTI) to a tertiary academic children's hospital between April 2,023 and March 2,024. Nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swab specimens were collected and tested using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for seven common respiratory pathogens: Results: Pathogen distribution showed distinct age-related patterns. Among high-risk pathogens, infants with RSV infection were the most common. Conversely, IAV and Discussion: The distinct epidemiological patterns and high rates of co-infection highlight the need for age-specific prevention strategies. The significant role of Conclusion: This study reveals significant age-dependent variations and high co-infection rates for seven respiratory pathogens in a large pediatric cohort. These findings are crucial for informing public health policies and optimizing the clinical management of pediatric RTIs in the post-pandemic era.
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