ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Extract of
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Objective: Chronic skin wounds caused by diabetes, peripheral artery disease, pressure ulcers, and venous insufficiency do not fully recover anatomically and functionally. We previously found that topical application of 3% WIN-1001X cream reduces skin inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether 3% WIN-1001X cream alleviates chronic skin wounds exhibiting prolonged and extensive inflammation using streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse. Methods: WIN-1001X contained 20% ethanol extracts of three botanical drugs: Results: Topical application of 3% WIN-1001X cream suppressed infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes as well as pro-inflammatory cytokine gene activation in diabetic mouse skin. It also promotes M1 to M2 macrophage polarization. Interestingly, 3% WIN-1001X cream activated the gene expression of anti-microbial peptides. Furthermore, It upregulated gene expression of Conclusion: 3% WIN-1001X cream suppressed skin inflammation through decreased cytokine gene expression, immune cell infiltration, and increased macrophage polarization. It also promoted cell proliferation, granulation tissue formation, and myofibroblast transition. Furthermore, 3% WIN-1001X cream promoted keratinocyte re-epithelialization and differentiation as well as increased collagen deposition in chronic skin wounds. Thus, our results suggest that 3% WIN-1001X cream may help alleviate chronic skin wounds.
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