Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41928936›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Synthetic circRNAs employ IRES activity for translation in cells and in cell-free translation systems.

Philipp Koch, Frederic S W Arendrup, Chaehee Lim, Samyukta Narayanan, Amina Noraddin, Massimiliano Clamer, Anders H Lund, Chun-Kan Chen, Kathrin Leppek

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Philipp KochInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Biomedical Center II (BMZ II), Venusberg-Campus 1, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.ORCID 0009-0008-5508-4500
Frederic S W ArendrupBiotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-6488-4616
Chaehee LimDepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-3088-6853
Samyukta NarayananInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Biomedical Center II (BMZ II), Venusberg-Campus 1, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.ORCID 0009-0008-1294-9148
Amina NoraddinIMMAGINA Biotechnology S.r.l., Viale dell'Industria 47, 38057 Pergine Valsugana (TN) Italy.ORCID 0009-0002-1103-7776
Massimiliano ClamerIMMAGINA Biotechnology S.r.l., Viale dell'Industria 47, 38057 Pergine Valsugana (TN) Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8185-059X
Anders H LundBiotech Research and Innovation Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-7407-3398
Chun-Kan ChenDepartment of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.ORCID 0009-0000-3937-9888
Kathrin LeppekInstitute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Biomedical Center II (BMZ II), Venusberg-Campus 1, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8012-8076

Funding

Systematic identification of RNA sequences and protein components regulating circular RNA translationR00HG011475 · NHGRI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CHEN, CHUN-KAN · 2023 to 2025
$734k
NHGRI NIH HHS R00 HG011475
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene regulation through translation is critical for spatiotemporal protein expression. Internal ribosomal entry sites (IRESes) mediate mRNA-specific translation by recruiting ribosomes to 5' untranslated regions. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), naturally occurring and stable RNAs, are increasingly used as synthetic tools for sustained therapeutic protein translation by IRES-driven initiation. However, the functionality of different IRESes in synthetic circRNAs remains sparsely characterized. We systematically examine circRNA reporter translation by viral and cellular IRESes in human cells and in diverse

Indexed as

cell-free translation systemcellular IRESCircular RNAEGFPimmune sensingimmunogenicityinternal ribosome entry sitein vitro transcription and circularizationin vitro translation extractmRNA translation regulationNanoluciferaseribozymeviral IRES

Identifiers

PMID41928936
PMCPMC13042048

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.