Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41928675›Full record

ArticleBiomacromolecules2026

Engineering and Exploring Hydrolytic Degradation in 3D-Printed Liquid Crystalline Elastomers.

Lorin C Danielsen, Jason A Burdick, Timothy J White

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomacromolecules, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Lorin C DanielsenDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.ORCID 0009-0009-3797-7855
Jason A BurdickDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2006-332X
Timothy J WhiteDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8006-7173

Funding

Dynamic Fibrous Scaffolds for Repairing Dense Connective TissuesR01AR056624 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Jason A Burdick, Robert L Mauck · 2009 to 2026
$7.5M
Interdisciplinary Training in Musculoskeletal ResearchT32AR080630 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Karin A Payne, MICHAEL J ZUSCIK · 2022 to 2026
$1.7M
NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR056624NIAMS NIH HHS T32 AR080630
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are being increasingly explored as biomaterials; however, many LCE properties were not designed with biomedical use in mind. Here, we examine LCE hydrolytic degradation, including investigating approaches to accelerate degradation and whether thermal and mechanical properties change with degradation. Among 3D-printable LCE chemistries, we find that networks formed via thiol-Michael addition followed by thiol-ene photo-cross-linking degrade most rapidly. The integration of hydrophilic chain extenders (e.g., PEG) accelerates LCE degradation and demonstrates their potential tunability for various applications. We monitor representative LCEs throughout degradation and show that as samples undergo heterogeneous surface erosion, nematic-to-isotropic transition temperatures increase, while actuation potential, alignment, and mechanical anisotropy remain stable until failure.

Indexed as

Biocompatible MaterialsElastomersLiquid CrystalsPrinting, Three-DimensionalHydrolysisPolyethylene GlycolsBiocompatible MaterialsElastomersPolyethylene Glycols

Identifiers

PMID41928675
PMCPMC13169365

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.