ArticlePediatric pulmonology2026
Balance Impairment, Muscle Oxygenation, and Functional Exercise Capacity in Patients With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.
Article in Pediatric pulmonology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04895150 (Investigation of Upper Extremity Exercise Capacity, Muscle Oxygenation, Balance and Physical Activity Levels in Patients With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Investigation of Upper Extremity Exercise Capacity, Muscle Oxygenation, Balance and Physical Activity Levels in Patients With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Airway Clearance and Pediatric Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: A Clinical Framework for Children and Adolescents.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesExtrapulmonary effects are observed in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), however, few studies have examined these manifestations, particularly regarding balance and muscle oxygenation during exercise. This study aimed to compare balance, functional exercise capacity, muscle oxygenation, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, and inspiratory muscle endurance in patients with PCD and healthy peers.
methodsTwenty-seven patients with PCD and 26 healthy peers were included. Balance (Biodex Balance System and Y Balance Test), exercise capacity (6-min walk test [6MWT]), muscle oxygenation (Moxy device), respiratory muscle strength (maximal inspiratory [MIP] and maximal expiratory [MEP]), inspiratory muscle endurance (incremental threshold loading test), and muscle strength (quadriceps femoris) were evaluated.
resultsThe Y balance test right and left lower extremity posteromedial and posterolateral scores and left lower extremity posteromedial and posterolateral reach distances, the 6MWT distance, and lower extremity muscle strength (%), were statistically lower in patients with PCD compared with healthy peers (p < 0.05). The change in average quadriceps femoris muscle oxygenation (ΔSmO DISCUSSION: In patients with PCD, dynamic balance, functional exercise capacity, and lower extremity muscle strength are impaired, whereas respiratory muscle strength and static balance are preserved. Inspiratory muscle endurance was similarly decreased in both groups. A greater decrease in muscle oxygen saturation was observed during submaximal lower extremity activity in the patients. These findings indicate that, beyond traditional respiratory evaluations, balance and muscle oxygenation should be assessed in patients with PCD, and early assessment may guide rehabilitation strategies and future clinical research.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04895150.
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