ArticleBMC cancer2026
Real-world lymphoma cohort in an HIV-endemic setting: cohort design, epidemiological features and impact of implementing novel classification standards.
Lillian F Andera, Dharshnee R Chetty, Zainab Mohamed, Diana Oelofse, Jenna Bailey, Karryn Brown, Girisha Panchoo, Katherine Antel, Kudakwashe Simba, Gerdien Kritzinger and 5 more
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In one paragraphArticle in BMC cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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2 · The registryThe trial behind it
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3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
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4 · The recordCorrections and comments
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5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
15 authors.
Lillian F AnderaDivision of Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8608-6233 Dharshnee R ChettyDivision of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Services, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5033-2180 Zainab MohamedDivision of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4730-4231 Jenna BaileyDivision of Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7181-3015 Karryn BrownDivision of Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6132-4717 Girisha PanchooDivision of Haematology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Services, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Katherine AntelDivision of Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9000-5504 Kudakwashe SimbaDivision of Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-154X Gerdien KritzingerDivision of Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-8072-7537 Sumaiya CassimDivision of Haematology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Services, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2489-987X Amsha RamburanDivision of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Services, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9349-6839 Jessica J OpieDivision of Haematology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Services, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-2604 Vernon J LouwDivision of Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2885-3342 Estelle VerburghDivision of Clinical Haematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. Estelle.Verburgh@uct.ac.za.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4657-7318 Funding
NIH HHS DW TW010345
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
backgroundLymphoma real-world observational data and accurate diagnostic systems are lacking in low-resource HIV-endemic settings. We established a new lymphoma registry to generate internationally comparable, clinically validated data, with up-to-date disease classification. We also describe our findings on aggressive B-cell lymphoma.
methodsThe descriptive retrospective cohort included patients ≥ 13 years of age newly diagnosed with lymphoma from 2005 to 2020. Patients were enrolled at a single site in a registry with hierarchical groupings to capture, interrogate, and subtype lymphoma diagnoses. These were standardised on the most recent version of the World Health Organisation Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours (WHO-HAEM5) and correlated with the novel International Consensus Classification of mature lymphoid neoplasms (ICC). Differences due to nomenclature and diagnostic category were annotated.
resultsThe cohort consisted of 2354 incident lymphoma cases; 1891 (80.3%) non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 463 (19.7%) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Twenty-one lymphoma NOS cases were excluded due to inadequate specimen for standardised subclassification. Overall reclassification according to WHO-HAEM5 was 25.8% (n = 608). Notable nomenclature differences between WHO-HAEM5 and ICC included 44 (1.9%) transformations of indolent B-cell lymphomas; also 857 (36.4%) lymphoid proliferations and lymphomas associated with immune deficiency/dysregulation due to HIV (33.1%) and EBV (31.8%). EBV-association was highest among HL cases, of which 77 (50.3%) were HIV reactive.
conclusionWe report here the impact of adopting international lymphoma classification standards in an HIV-endemic setting. Our findings highlight the persistent prevalence of large B-cell lymphoma, raise concern around inadequate HIV suppression as a potential ongoing driver of disease in our setting, and provide further evidence for EBV-associated HL as a distinct subtype.
Indexed as
HIV InfectionsHodgkin DiseaseLymphomaLymphoma, Non-HodgkinAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultHIVLymphomaReclassificationRegistrySouth Africa
Identifiers
PMID41928152
PMCPMC13147870
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