Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41927967›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Acid activated orange peel waste adsorbent for the elimination of phenol with insights into isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics.

Zahrah Alqahtani, Oladejo Emmanuel Kola, Aliyah Alsharif, Ali Shawabkeh, Afnan M Alnajeebi, Roaa A Tayeb, A Al Solami, Hamad AlMohamadi, Jamelah S Al-Otaibi

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zahrah AlqahtaniPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Oladejo Emmanuel KolaDepartment of Chemical Sciences, Mountain Top University, Ogun State, Prayer City, Nigeria. kolaoladejo7@gmail.com.
Aliyah AlsharifDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSU), 11564, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ali ShawabkehCollege of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, 54200, Kuwait.
Afnan M AlnajeebiDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Roaa A TayebDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
A Al SolamiDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Hamad AlMohamadiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Jamelah S Al-OtaibiDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia PNURSP2026R13
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study explored the potential of acid-treated orange peel (ATOP) and raw orange peel (ROP) as sustainable, low-cost biosorbents for the elimination of phenol from aqueous solutions. Acid modification was employed to enhance the textural and surface chemistry properties of orange peel-derived biomass. Comprehensive characterization using FTIR, SEM, BET, and XRD confirmed successful surface functionalization, improved porosity, and structural modification after adsorption. The findings showed that ATOP demonstrated superior performance relative to ROP, achieving a maximum removal efficiency of 85.25% at 45 °C and reaching equilibrium within 150 min. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir model were 80.32 mg g

Indexed as

AdsorptionIsothermKineticsOrange peelPhenolWastewater

Identifiers

PMID41927967
PMCPMC13187185

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.