ArticleScientific reports2026
Optimized production and characterization of ulvan from Ulva Lactuca with in vitro biological activities.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bioactive sulfated polysaccharides, including ulvan, known for their broad therapeutic uses, are abundant in green algae. In this study, Ulva lactuca ulvan was produced under optimized conditions involving temperature, pH, extraction time, and solvent concentration adjustments. The extracted ulvan (U. lactuca ulvan, ULU) was identified using analytical methods such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) to confirm its compositional stability. A maximum yield of 23.33 ± 0.28% was achieved, with rhamnose as the main sugar, accounting for 14.10 µg/g of dried weight. Ulvan’s biological activities are likely influenced by its sulfate content, which measured 35.35 ± 0.25%. The bioactivity of ULU was tested for anticancer, antioxidant, and antiviral effects. ULU showed significant anticancer activity against pancreatic cancer cells (Panc-1). At a dose of 1000 µg/ml, ULU achieved an inhibition rate of 86.15%, with an IC50 of 123.51 ± 10.95 µg/ml, demonstrating substantial effectiveness in inhibiting pancreatic cancer cell growth. In antioxidant tests, ULU exhibited moderate free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, with a maximum inhibition rate of 88.31% ±2.64% at 1000 µg/ml and an IC50 of 263.73 ± 9.41 µg/ml. These results highlight the benefits of improved extraction and optimized conditions, indicating that ULU has potential as a natural antioxidant, though with modest efficacy compared to ascorbic acid. ULU also demonstrated limited antiviral activity, with an inhibition rate of 40.25 ± 2.61% against Hepatitis A virus (HAV) at 50 µg/ml, as measured by the MTT assay. The cytotoxicity test showed a CC₅₀ value of 230.53 ± 2.09 µg/ml, indicating a moderate safety margin. Despite its limited antiviral effectiveness, further research into combining ULU with other drugs or exploring synergistic effects could enhance its therapeutic potential.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.