ArticleScientific reports2026
The analysis for mechanism deduction and empirical test of tourists' behavior decision-making under the background of COVID-19.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted global tourism, yet the cognitive mechanisms underlying tourists' behavioral responses during health crises remain insufficiently understood. Drawing on an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework, this study investigates how epidemic perception, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), and moral norms shape tourists' decision-making processes. Survey data were collected from 360 respondents with pre-existing travel plans in China during the early pandemic phase. Structural equation modeling (Amos and Smart-PLS) reveals that epidemic perception functions as a foundational cognitive anchor, significantly influencing NPIs, moral norms, subjective norms, and attitudes. Moral norms emerge as a pivotal mediator, directly shaping attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intentions. Counterintuitively, NPIs exhibit a negative relationship with intention to cancel travel, suggesting that protective measures effectively mitigate perceived risks and enable tourists to reconcile travel desires with health concerns. Subjective norms exert both direct and indirect effects through moral pathways, underscoring the amplified role of social expectations during crises. Notably, perceived behavioral control does not significantly influence attitudes or intentions, indicating that moral and social imperatives temporarily overshadow resource-based considerations during public health emergencies. These findings advance theoretical understanding of pandemic-era travel behavior. Practically, they suggest that destinations should leverage epidemic perception through authoritative communication to activate moral and social norms, promote NPIs to rebuild traveler confidence, cultivate collective responsibility via social endorsement, and address practical barriers at the implementation stage to transform intentions into actual travel behavior.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.