Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41927548›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Bulk electrical power extraction through tunnel transmission technology from renewable energy concentrated zones.

Haoyang Fan, Qi Huang, Zhenyuan Zhang, Arsalan Habib Khawaja, Kaiji Liao, Xiaotian Tang, Mohammad Shahidehpour

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Haoyang FanSchool of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information, Xihua University, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0450-8050
Qi HuangSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. hwong@istic.ac.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8637-0269
Zhenyuan ZhangSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Arsalan Habib KhawajaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China.
Kaiji LiaoSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Xiaotian TangSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Mohammad ShahidehpourElectrical and Computer Engineering Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-1688

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) U23A20651
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mountainous regions, such as the Alps, Appalachians, Andes, and Qingzang Plateau, offer vast renewable energy potential, but geographical and ecological challenges limit conventional overhead transmission lines. Underground alternatives, including gas-insulated lines and cables, provide viable solutions but require comprehensive techno-economic evaluation for sustainable deployment. This study integrates multi-physics analysis, combining electromagnetic, thermal, and fluid dynamics, with lifecycle cost assessment per unit transmission task to compare overhead and underground tunnel transmission systems. Optimized conductor designs and ventilation strategies enhance cable capacity and improve economic performance, particularly in regions with high external costs. Here, we show that underground tunnel based power transmission systems, especially gas-insulated lines, deliver cost-effective, high-capacity transmission solutions for mountainous renewable energy concentrated regions, outperform overhead power transmission infrastructure when external costs, including ecological, landscape, and infrastructure constraints, are significant, thus advancing the goals of sustainable renewable energy integration and net-zero.

Identifiers

PMID41927548
PMCPMC13216521

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.