ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2026
DefensePredictor: A machine learning model to discover prokaryotic immune systems.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- When phage restriction is not immunity: Immune gates, replication-niche barriers, and assay-limited phenotypes.Engineering microbiology · 2026Article
- How bacterial immune systems sense phage infection.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Bacteriophage Research: A New Chapter in Future Medicine.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Shuttling, swapping, and mixing: the rapid modular evolution of antiviral repertoires in temperate phages and their satellites.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Dental wastewater reveals a hidden reservoir of oral bacteriophage diversity.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Phage bioinformatics tools: a review of computational approaches for bacteriophage research.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Review
- The value of a prophage-borne defense system in phage-phage competition.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Phage-encoded NARP3 system rebuilds NADScience advances · 2026Article
- Review
- Phage host range: determinants, dynamics and applications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Recent Advances in the Molecular Mechanisms of Bacterial Anti-Phage Defence Systems.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Higher-order assembly of a type IX retron enables exploitation for designer antimicrobials.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A bacterial CARD-NLR-like immune system controls the release of gene transfer agents.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- WormSORT: A detection-based multiple object tracking model for individual silkworms in breeding environments.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Systematic discovery of bacterial anti-phage systems through a protein domain-centric strategy.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Diversity and evolution of archaeal immune strategies.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- A methylome-derived mbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The uncharacterizedmicroPublication biology · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antiphage defense systems protect bacteria from viral infection and have inspired important biotechnologies such as CRISPR-Cas9 while also revealing the evolutionary roots of eukaryotic innate immunity. Many systems have been discovered by genomic colocalization, but this approach cannot identify systems outside of defense islands. We present DefensePredictor, a machine learning model that uses protein language model embeddings to classify proteins as defensive. Applying DefensePredictor to 69 diverse
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.