ArticleMolecular biology reports2026
Inhibitory activity of silver nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus growth and α-hemolysin gene expression.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundStaphylococcus aureus is a major bacterial pathogen responsible for a wide range of infections in humans. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, such as MRSA, has created an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as promising antimicrobial agents; however, their effects on key virulence factors, such as α-hemolysin (Hla), have not been fully characterized.
objectiveThis study aimed to isolate S. aureus from clinical samples, synthesize AgNPs, and evaluate their antibacterial activity and ability to inhibit the expression of Hla virulence genes. METHODOLOGY: A total of 250 clinical samples (urine, burns, and sputum) were collected. S. aureus was confirmed by culture, biochemical reactions, the API20 system, Vitek2, and PCR. The morphology and characterization of the AgNPs were prepared using the chemical reduction method and characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and FT-IR.
resultsAmong the 250 specimens screened, 44 (17.6%) harbored S. aureus, and the isolation rates were similar regardless of the sample type. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs ranged up to 14.41 mm inhibition zone was impressive. The MIC and MBC of AgNPs were determined to be 8 and 64 µg/mL, respectively. The expression of Hla gene was also downregulated in the AgNP group compared to that in the untreated control group, according to real-time PCR data.
conclusionChemically synthesized AgNPs exhibited potent antibacterial and anti-virulence activities against clinical S. aureus isolates and significantly suppressed Hla gene expression. This dual action highlights their potential as therapeutic agents against S. aureus infections, warranting further investigation of their mechanisms of action.
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