ArticleCureus2026
Synergistic Effects of Black Seed Oil, Fresh Clove Extracts, and Amoxicillin Against Bacterial Skin Pathogens: An In Vitro Experimental Study.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background The rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has reduced the clinical efficacy of commonly prescribed antibiotics, including amoxicillin. Plant-derived extracts used as adjuvants to conventional antibiotics have emerged as a potential strategy to enhance antibacterial activity. This study evaluated the antimicrobial effects of ethanol-based extracts of black seed oil and fresh clove, individually and in combination with amoxicillin, against reference microbial strains associated with skin and soft tissue infections. Methods Ethanolic extracts of black seed oil and fresh clove were prepared using 70% ethanol, 100% ethanol, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction techniques. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against 10 reference microbial strains using the disc diffusion method according to the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Zones of inhibition (ZOIs) were measured in millimeters. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA after confirming normality of the data. Results Both plant extracts exhibited measurable antimicrobial activity, with clove extract showing broader inhibitory effects than black seed oil when tested alone. Combinations of plant extracts with amoxicillin produced larger ZOI, particularly against
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