ReviewChemical science2026
Decoding the tactics for coacervate pedestrian crossing the phospholipid membrane.
Review in Chemical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coacervate microdroplets based on liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) have emerged as versatile models for protocells, membraneless organelles and smart drug delivery carriers. Understanding the mechanisms of coacervates crossing lipid membranes is of great significance in synthetic cell engineering, cell physiology analysis, and transmembrane drug delivery. In this review, we systematically summarize the mechanisms by which coacervates cross phospholipid bilayers of liposomes or cells, which are classified based on whether membrane-remodelling processes are present. Two major mechanisms are introduced, including vesicular engulfment driven by electrostatic interaction, photoswitchable phospholipids, caveolin and actin polymerization, and direct penetration mediated by lipid rafts and phospholipid defects. These findings deepen the understanding of mass and signal exchange across cellular boundaries and underscore the potential applications of coacervates for sophisticated synthetic cells, biosensors and drug delivery systems.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.