SynthesisFrontiers in nutrition2026
The effects of Panax notoginseng for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy in animals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes and constitutes a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Panax notoginseng is a widely utilized traditional Chinese medicinal herb with diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, antithrombotic, and glucolipid metabolism-regulating activities. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the renoprotective effects of Panax notoginseng in DN animal models. However, a comprehensive meta-analysis of these studies is currently lacking, and the dose-time-response relationship remains unexplored. Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of Panax notoginseng in animal models of DN and, for the first time, to explore its dose-time-response relationship. Additionally, we sought to summarize the potential mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects on DN. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across seven databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), CNKI, WanFang, and VIP. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 14.0 software. Primary outcomes included fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 24-h urinary protein (24 h UPro), and kidney index (KI). Secondary outcomes encompassed indicators related to inflammatory response, oxidative stress, glucose and lipid metabolism, and fibrosis. Where substantial heterogeneity was present, sensitivity and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore its sources. Publication bias was assessed via Egger's test and funnel plots. The dose-time-response relationship of Panax notoginseng for DN was evaluated using a three-dimensional surface plot analysis. Results: A total of 37 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that Panax notoginseng significantly ameliorated FBG, SCr, BUN, 24 h UPro, and KI levels. Furthermore, Panax notoginseng significantly modulated key inflammatory markers, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor- Conclusion: Panax notoginseng may delay the progression of DN through multiple pathways, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, glucolipid metabolism-regulating, and anti-fibrotic mechanisms. However, further studies are still needed to verify its efficacy and mechanisms. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420250653856.
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