Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41923807›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of developmental disabilities2026

Health literacy and eHealth literacy in caregivers of students with special education needs: a cross-sectional survey study.

Berna Madalı-Kafes, Şenay Burçin Alkan, Serpil Kara, Berna Torun, Hasan Hüseyin Kara

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Article in International journal of developmental disabilities, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Digital Health Literacy of People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review to Map the Evidence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Berna Madalı-KafesNezahat Keleşoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-5874
Şenay Burçin AlkanNezahat Keleşoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5465-1210
Serpil KaraAhmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education, Department of Science Education, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-7617
Berna TorunKaratay Special Education Practice School, Konya, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5047-3821
Hasan Hüseyin KaraNezahat Keleşoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4701-8545

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to assess the health literacy (HL) and electronic health literacy (e-HL) levels of the caregivers of students with special education needs (SEN) and to compare these levels with the caregivers of students who continue typically developing (TD) education. Methods: The research was conducted on students with SEN and TD and their caregivers. HL and e-HL levels of the caregivers and sociodemographic characteristics were collected by face-to-face questionnaire. The HL and e-HL levels of caregivers were assessed with the Turkish Health Literacy Scale-32 and e-Health Literacy Scale, respectively. Results: A total of 138 students and their caregivers, 71 of whom were in SEN and 67 in TD education, participated in the study. The literacy levels and economic status of the caregivers of students with SEN were lower compared to the caregivers of TD students. The HL and e-HL levels of the caregivers of students with SEN were significantly lower than the caregivers of TD students ( Conclusions: Caregivers of students with SEN demonstrated significantly lower HL and e-HL compared to caregivers of TD students. Developing targeted interventions and policies to enhance HL among caregivers of students with SEN is essential, along with a multidisciplinary approach to address this issue.

Indexed as

caregiversDowne-health literacyhealth literacyintellectual disabilityparentsSpecial education needsstudent

Identifiers

PMID41923807
PMCPMC13037136

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.