Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41923789›Full record

ArticleClinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology2026

Age-dependent changes in infant head shape: a smartphone app-based study in Japan.

Satoshi Narumi, Yui Honda, Yoriko Kotoku, Hiromi Eto, Yuko Numasawa-Kuroiwa, Yoshiaki Sakamoto, Hiroki Kajita, Tomoru Miwa, Atsuko Nakahari, Shigeharu Hosono

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Article in Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Satoshi NarumiDepartment of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Yui HondaDepartment of Reproductive Health, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Yoriko KotokuDepartment of Reproductive Health, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Hiromi EtoDepartment of Reproductive Health, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Yuko Numasawa-KuroiwaDepartment of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Yoshiaki SakamotoDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroki KajitaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Tomoru MiwaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Atsuko NakahariNeonatal Division, Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
Shigeharu HosonoNeonatal Division, Department of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Head shape undergoes rapid changes during infancy, but the age-dependent changes in cranial asymmetry remain inadequately characterized. This study aims to analyze factors associated with these parameters, and to establish reference curves in Japanese infants. Two indices of head shape, the cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) and cranial index (CI) were collected from 127,605 Japanese infants via a smartphone app. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors associated with CVAI and CI. Using 72,726 data derived from infants born via spontaneous vaginal delivery with normal birth weight, reference curves for CVAI and CI were constructed. CVAI exhibited a peak at 3-4 mo of age, followed by a gradual decline, whereas CI increased until approximately 6 mo of age. Boys had significantly higher CVAI than girls. Low birth weight was associated with low CI. Reference curves revealed distinct age-specific patterns, with CVAI peaking at 3-4 mo and declining thereafter, and CI increasing until around 6 mo. In conclusion, this study provides the first reference curves for CVAI and CI that can be applied for Japanese infants. The findings highlight the natural course of cranial asymmetry and proportionality, emphasizing the importance of age-specific assessment.

Indexed as

head shapeinfantlow birth weight infantpositional cranial deformitysmartphone app

Identifiers

PMID41923789
PMCPMC13038385

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.