ReviewClinical and translational science2026
Esketamine Nasal Spray: Mechanism of Action, Clinical, and Translational Science.
Review in Clinical and translational science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- The Role of the NMDA Receptor in the Treatment of Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases.Brain sciences · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) imposes a substantial burden worldwide, with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and major depressive disorder with acute suicidal ideation or behavior (MDSI) representing two of the most severe clinical challenges. Conventional antidepressants often require several weeks to exert benefit, leaving patients symptomatic and at risk during this delay. Esketamine nasal spray was the first glutamate-modulating antidepressant to enter clinical practice and was recently approved as the first and only monotherapy for adults with TRD. Administered at 56 mg or 84 mg, esketamine offers a rapid onset of action. Intranasal delivery yields approximately 50% bioavailability and peak concentrations within 20-40 min, correlating with early clinical effects. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism on inhibitory interneurons disinhibits glutamate release and modulates downstream synaptic plasticity pathways, providing a mechanistic basis for the rapid antidepressant effects of esketamine. This review summarizes the regulatory approval, mechanism of action, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics, together with key clinical trial efficacy and safety data for esketamine nasal spray in TRD and MDSI.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.