Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41923435›Full record

ArticleNephrology (Carlton, Vic.)2026

Six-Weekly Versus Monthly Haemodialysis Blood Testing in an Australian Tertiary Kidney Service: A Quality, Safety, Green Nephrology Initiative and Cost-Saving Analysis.

Daniel Hirsch, Donia George, Debbie Pugh, Monica Kwiatkowski, Samantha Staker, Jake Watson, Jenny H C Chen, Kelly Lambert, Karumathil Murali, Wing-Chi Gigi Yeung and 1 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Daniel HirschDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6390-9508
Donia GeorgeDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Debbie PughDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Monica KwiatkowskiDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Samantha StakerDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Jake WatsonDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Jenny H C ChenDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.
Kelly LambertSchool of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5935-7328
Karumathil MuraliDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-6981
Wing-Chi Gigi YeungDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-3743
Jeffrey T HaDepartment of Renal Medicine, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8558-1697

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is limited evidence to guide optimal frequency of surveillance bloodwork for haemodialysis patients. In September 2023, surveillance bloodwork frequency was reduced from monthly to 6-weekly across 4 Illawarra-Shoalhaven dialysis units. We retrospectively evaluated actual frequency of blood tests, safety (all-cause hospitalisations, hospitalisations for hyperkalaemia, percentage of potassium and haemoglobin levels in target ranges), cost-savings and environmental impact (reduction in carbon emissions and waste generation) of 6-weekly versus monthly scheduled bloodwork for clinically stable patients receiving in-facility haemodialysis during the 12-months before and after this practice change. Staff perspectives were gathered via survey. We analysed 99 patients with monthly surveillance bloodwork and 101 patients with 6-weekly bloodwork. After reducing to 6-weekly scheduled bloodwork, frequency of FBC/EUC/CMP blood tests decreased from 48.3 to 34.9 per patient-year. Comparing 6-weekly versus monthly groups, there was no increase in percentage of patients with ≥ 1 hospitalisation (72% vs. 73.5%, p = 0.70), hospitalisation for hyperkalaemia (0.8% vs. 0.9%, p = 0.92); percentage of patients with potassium levels (3.5-5.9 mmol/L) was similar (86.0% vs. 86.2%, p = 0.88). Proportion of haemoglobin levels in target range (100-115 g/L) decreased from 45.4% to 38.5% (p < 0.01) but with no clear changes in Erythropoietin Stimulating Agent use. Overall, there were 3.8 fewer blood draws, 8.7 fewer blood tubes used, $AUD201.44 saved in pathology costs and carbon emissions reduced by 1.03 kg per patient-year. Of 58 dialysis nurses, 47 (81%) responded to a survey and indicated the practice change was acceptable (38/47, 81%). Reducing surveillance bloodwork frequency to 6-weekly for haemodialysis patients delivered substantial cost-savings and had positive environmental benefits without compromising safety. Strong engagement with dialysis staff supports its scalability and sustainability.

Indexed as

Hematologic TestsRenal DialysisAgedAustraliaCost SavingsFemaleHemoglobinsHumansHyperkalemiaMaleMiddle AgedPotassiumRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsHemoglobinsPotassiumcarbon emissionscostenvironmental impacthaemodialysishospitalisationsurveillance bloodwork

Identifiers

PMID41923435
PMCPMC13044492

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.