Article in Headache, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registry
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Daniel Toledo-AlfoceaServicio de Neurología, Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3651-1614
Alex JaimesFacultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0890-9484
Sarai UrtiagaNeurology Department, Hospital de Torrejón, Madrid, Spain.
Javier Casas-LimónHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7353-4084
Albert Muñoz-VendrellHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8221-865X
Sonia Santos-LasaosaNeurology Department, Hospital Universitario Lozano Blesa, IIS Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4141-7705
Valvanuz García MartínInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Biogipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Spain.
Guillermo Martín ÁvilaNeurology Department, Hospital de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
Marcos PolancoService of Neurology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.ORCID 0009-0006-8609-7385
Maria Dolores Villar-MartínezNIHR King's Clinical Research Facility, Wolfson SPaRC, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3920-0176
Laura Rubio-FloresHeadaches, Craniofacial Pain and Neurological Pain Unit, Vithas Clinical Neuroscience Institute, La Milagrosa, Aravaca, Vithas Hospitals Group, Arturo Soria University Hospitals, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5570-8055
Antonio Sánchez-SoblecheroNeurology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7098-8494
Leonardo Portocarrero SánchezNeurology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Paz, Madrid, Spain.
Elisa Luque-BuzoNeurology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Alberto Lozano-RosNeurology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5186-8657
Ana Beatriz Gago-VeigaFacultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0038-3406
Javier Díaz-De-TeránFacultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0064-6269
Andrea Recio GarcíaHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID 0009-0007-4980-4797
Andrea Gómez GarcíaHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Marta González SalaicesNeurology Department, Hospital de Torrejón, Madrid, Spain.
Sergio CampoyHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8135-4139
Ane Mínguez-OlaondoNeurology Department, Hospital Universitario Donostia-Osakidetza, Neuroscience Area, Biogipuzkoa Health Institute, Donostia, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7742-3920
Stefania ManiatakiNIHR King's Clinical Research Facility, Wolfson SPaRC, King's College London, London, UK.
Vicente González-QuintanillaService of Neurology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0902-3906
Jesús Porta-EtessamHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7034-682X
María-Luz CuadradoSchool of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8246-3743
Ángel Luis Guerrero PeralHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7493-6002
Jaime Rodríguez-VicoHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9360-5444
Mariano Huerta-VillanuevaHeadache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0181-5335
Julio PascualService of Neurology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-3189-7573
Peter J GoadsbyDivision of Biomedical Sciences, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-3260-5904
Alicia Gonzalez-MartinezFacultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1228-1503
Funding
European Union (FEDER/European Regional Development Fund-"A way to make Europe")Instituto de Salud Carlos III CM21/00178Instituto de Salud Carlos III JR23/00005Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI24/01085
6 · The paper itself
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate demographic characteristics, treatment effectiveness, and safety outcomes in patients with migraine undergoing anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) treatments regarding the presence of autoimmune diseases.
backgroundCGRP has an important role in migraine pathophysiology through neuronal modulation in the trigeminovascular nociceptive system and activation of neuro-inflammatory cascades. We hypothesized that autoimmune diseases may influence treatment response and safety profiles in patients with migraine treated with anti-CGRP treatments.
methodsThis was a retrospective multicenter, age- and sex-matched cohort study in headache units/headache clinics in Spain and United Kingdom between May 2024 and May 2025 including patients treated with CGRP monoclonal antibodies from prospectively collected cohorts. Patients were assessed for demographics, migraine-related characteristics, treatment effectiveness (monthly migraine days [MMD] and/or monthly headache days [MHD]), and safety outcomes. The main outcome was the effectiveness measured by ≥50% response rate in MMD between the two groups. Secondary outcomes included other effectiveness measurements regarding the number of MMD and MHD and treatment emerging adverse events.
resultsA total of 388 patients with migraine under anti-CGRP treatments (194 with autoimmune diseases and 194 age- and sex-matched controls without autoimmune diseases) were included. The proportion of patients achieving a ≥50% response rate in MMD was higher in patients without autoimmune diseases at 6 (69% vs. 53%; p = 0.006) and 9 months (74% vs. 52%; p = 0.006). Treatment emerging adverse events were comparable between the two groups (35% vs. 38%; p = 0.575). Patients with autoimmune disease had a significantly lower likelihood of achieving a ≥50% response in MMD compared with those without autoimmune disease (adjusted odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.85; p = 0.006), independent of comorbid depression and medication overuse.
conclusionsOur study shows that anti-CGRP treatments are effective and safe for patients with migraine regardless the presence of autoimmune diseases, although an increased treatment response in patient without autoimmune disorders compared to patients with autoimmune disorders was observed. These findings highlight the need for early intervention, tailored strategies, and vigilant monitoring in patients with migraine and autoimmune disorders. Further research should explore immunomodulatory approaches to enhance outcomes.
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.
Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in patients with migraine and autoimmune diseases: IMMUNO-CGRP study. · full record | OpenQuestion